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M
ethicillin Resistant Staph Aureus
or MRSA is bacteria that causes infection both internally
and externally. It is also known as multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus or oxacillin-resistant Staph Aureus. The peculiarity
of this kind of Staph bacteria is immune to a whole host of
antibiotics called beta-lactams which are the common antibiotics
in use such as penicillins and the cephalosporins. Misuse
of these antibiotics brought forth the resistant strain.
Since treatment requires completion of perscribed medication,
many who see the infection subside stop taking the antibiotics,
which in allows the bacteria to survive and thrive in the
body making it immune and resistant to other medication.
MRSA bacteria was first found in hospital and health care
settings. In this environment, patients with weakened immune
systems are more susceptible to infections compared to the
general populace. The combination of overuse of antibiotics
and the improper practice of sanitary procedures have led
to this so-called “superbug”. The bacteria is
spread via skin contact where an individual can become both
a sufferer and carrier of the dreaded bacteria.
Over time, the bacteria was able to spread from the healthcare
setting to the general community setting. Here, MRSA bacteria
was sub-categorized into the CA-MRSA or community acquired
MRSA and the HA-MRSA or the health care associated MRSA. The
main difference between the two is that the CA-MRSA presents
itself in individuals that have not been in the hospital setting
or have not had recent surgery.
Over time, methicillin resistant staph aureus has mutated
to become more pernicious in its infectious capacity which
has led to it becoming the most common cause of skin infections
in urban areas.The spread though of MRSA was thought to be
controlled through the use of biocides. These bacteria killing
chemicals are often available as disinfectants and antiseptics.
Often these chemicals are used to clean surfaces.
Medical instruments and equipment are sterilized, and skin
is decontaminated before each surgical procedure via handwashing
in anti bacterial liquid soaps. As a result of the continual
and prolonged use of such anti bacterial cleaners, liquid
soaps and disinfectants, certain strains of MRSA have further
mutated and increased their level of resistance making them
even harder to fight.
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